In JavaScript, the “this” keyword is used to refer to various objects. It can be used in different ways to refer to specific types of objects.

• By itself, “this” refers to the global object
• In a function, “this” refers to the global object
• In a function, when used in strict mode, “this” is undefined
• In an object method, “this” refers to the object
• In an event, “this” refers to the element that received the event
• Methods like call(), apply(), and bind() can refer “this” to any object

When used in an object method, this refers to the object.

const car = {
    type: "Maserati", 
    model: "Quattroporte", 
    color: "white",
    fullName: function() {
        return this; // will return [object Object]
    }
};

const car = {
    type: "Maserati", 
    model: "Quattroporte", 
    color: "white",
    fullName: function() {
        return this.type + " " + this.model; // will return Maserati Quattroporte
    }
};

The call() and apply() methods are predefined JavaScript methods and can be be used to call an object method with another object as the argument.

const myCar1 = {
    type:"Maserati",
    model: "Quattroporte",
    fullName: function() {
    return this.type + " " + this.model;
    }
}

const myCar2 = {
    type:"Alfa Romeo",
    model: "Guilia"
}

myCar1.fullName.call(myCar2); // returns Alfa Romeo Guilia

With the bind() method, an object can borrow a method from another object.

const myCar1 = {
    type:"Maserati",
    model: "Quattroporte",
    fullName: function() {
    return this.type + " " + this.model;
    }
}

const myCar2 = {
    type:"Alfa Romeo",
    model: "Guilia"
}

let fullName = myCar1.fullName.bind(myCar2); // variable will be Alfa Romeo Guilia

Order	Object
1	bind()
2	apply()
3	call()
4	Object method
5	Global scope

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