- Tags: Conditional, JS Statement
- Categories: JavaScript Reference, JavaScript Statements, Reference
Quick Reference
The if…else statement executes a block of code if a specified condition is true, and optionally, another block of code if false.
In an if…else statement, we can have the following:
- if – a block of code to be executed if a condition is true
- else if (optional) – a new condition to test, and new block of code to be executed, if the first condition is false, but the new condition is true
- else (optional) – a block of code to be executed if the none of the conditions are true
<!-- html element to place output -->
<p id="my_output"></p>
The following checks what the hour of the day is and then looks at the “if” to see if that is true. If not, it looks at the “else if” to see if that is true. If neither is true, it will use the code within the “else”.
// variables
let my_hour = new Date().getHours();
let my_greeting = '';
// conditions
if (my_hour < 12) {
my_greeting = 'Good morning';
}
else if (my_hour < 18) {
my_greeting = 'Good afternoon';
}
else {
my_greeting = 'Good evening';
}
// output to HTML element
document.getElementById('my_output').innerHTML = my_greeting;
Output
Good afternoon
Syntax
if (condition) {
// code to run if true
}
if (condition) {
// code to run if true
}
else {
// code to run if the condition above is false
}
if (condition) {
// code to run if true
}
else if (new condition) {
// code to run if true
}
else {
// code to run if both conditions above are false
}
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JAVASCRIPT NOTES:
- When using JavaScript, single or double quotation marks are acceptable and work identically to one another; choose whichever you prefer, and stay consistent
- JavaScript is a case-sensitive language; firstName is NOT the same as firstname
- Arrays count starting from zero NOT one; so item 1 is position [0], item 2 is position [1], and item 3 is position [2] … and so on
- JavaScript variables must begin with a letter, $, or _
- JavaScript variables are case sensitive (x is not the same as X)
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